Publication Date

2025

Document Type

Dissertation/Thesis

First Advisor

Saef, Rachel

Degree Name

Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)

Legacy Department

Department of Psychology

Abstract

This dissertation examines how leaders psychologically interpret developmental challenges as threats or challenges, and how these interpretations shape engagement. Furthermore, I propose that these processes are shaped by mastery-approach and mastery avoidance orientations. Study 1 manipulated the presence of developmental challenges to test causal pathways. Results indicated that developmental challenges increased threat appraisal but not challenge appraisal, and threat was negatively associated with absorption. Study 2 found the opposite pattern: challenge appraisal, not threat appraisal, explained engagement. Relative importance analysis showed that challenge appraisal accounted for nearly all explained variance in engagement (97.6%). There was no significant moderation of mastery goal orientations across either study. Together, the findings demonstrate that developmental challenges are not inherently beneficial. Their outcomes depend on how they are appraised, such that when they are viewed as opportunities for growth they energize leaders; and when viewed as threats, they may hinder engagement.

Extent

171 pages

Language

en

Publisher

Northern Illinois University

Rights Statement

In Copyright

Rights Statement 2

NIU theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from Huskie Commons for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without the written permission of the authors.

Media Type

Text

Included in

Psychology Commons

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