Publication Date

2023

Document Type

Dissertation/Thesis

First Advisor

Barrett, Sheila

Second Advisor

Florensia Surjadi

Degree Name

M.S. (Master of Science)

Legacy Department

School of Health Studies

Abstract

Background: Age-related Macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifaceted disease of aging that is currently one of the leading causes of blindness in the US. As aging populations continue to turn to alternatives to prevent age-related diseases, the use of tea antioxidants has been suggested as potential protectors against cellular degradation and oxidation within the retina. To date, no epidemiologic or cross-sectional studies have been conducted regarding the correlation between tea intake and AMD, as it has for other diseases of with antioxidant mitigation potential, such as cancer. Objective: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the correlation between self-reported tea consumption via beverage and the prevalence of AMD in a representative US sample. Methods: Using data from 1761participants aged ≥40 years in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined the association between self-reported tea intake (hot and cold) ascertained from food frequency questionnaires and AMD. Presence of AMD was defined by graded fundus photography, using logistic model of regression because response variables were binary. Additionally, multiple linear regression analysis was used to develop a model for predicting the presence of AMD based on their age, gender, race, BMI, and smoking, blood pressure and serum cholesterol level, from their level of tea drinking. Results: There were no significant correlations between incidences or severity of AMD with reported tea consumption. The multiple linear regression analysis for AMD in individuals with tea consumption compared with those with no tea consumption use was 1.052 (95% CI 0.757, 1.460). The only covariates with significant correlations between tea consumption and AMD were age and non-Hispanic white race. The correlation between age and AMD and tea consumption was p <.0001, with an odds ratio estimate of 1.088 (95% CI 1.072, 1.104). Self-identification as “non-Hispanic white” and the association with AMD and tea consumption was p< 0.0013 (>0.05). Serum uric acid level decreased with increasing coffee intake. After adjusting for age and sex, serum uric acid level associated with coffee intake of 4 to 5 and >6 cups daily was lower than that associated with no intake by 0.26 mg/dl (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.11, 0.41) and 0.43 mg/dl (95% CI 0.23, 0.65; P for trend < 0.001), respectively. After adjusting for other covariates, the differences remained significant (P for trend < 0.001). Similarly, there was a modest inverse association between decaffeinated coffee intake and serum uric acid levels (multivariate P for trend 0.035). Total caffeine from coffee and other beverages and tea intake were not associated with serum uric acid levels (multivariate P for trend 0.15). The multivariate odds ratio for hyperuricemia in individuals with coffee intake >6 cups daily compared with those with no coffee use was 0.57 (95% CI 0.35, 0.94; P for trend 0.001). Serum uric acid level decreased with increasing coffee intake. After adjusting for age and sex, serum uric acid level associated with coffee intake of 4 to 5 and >6 cups daily was lower than that associated with no intake by 0.26 mg/dl (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.11, 0.41) and 0.43 mg/dl (95% CI 0.23, 0.65; P for trend < 0.001), respectively. After adjusting for other covariates, the differences remained significant (P for trend < 0.001). Similarly, there was a modest inverse association between decaffeinated coffee intake and serum uric acid levels (multivariate P for trend 0.035). Total caffeine from coffee and other beverages and tea intake were not associated with serum uric acid levels (multivariate P for trend 0.15). The multivariate odds ratio for hyperuricemia in individuals with coffee intake >6 cups daily compared with those with no coffee use was 0.57 (95% CI 0.35, 0.94; P for trend 0.001). Serum uric acid level decreased with increasing coffee intake. After adjusting for age and sex, serum uric acid level associated with coffee intake of 4 to 5 and >6 cups daily was lower than that associated with no intake by 0.26 mg/dl (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.11, 0.41) and 0.43 mg/dl (95% CI 0.23, 0.65; P for trend < 0.001), respectively. After adjusting for other covariates, the differences remained significant (P for trend < 0.001). Similarly, there was a modest inverse association between decaffeinated coffee intake and serum uric acid levels (multivariate P for trend 0.035). Total caffeine from coffee and other beverages and tea intake were not associated with serum uric acid levels (multivariate P for trend 0.15). The multivariate odds ratio for hyperuricemia in individuals with coffee intake >6 cups daily compared with those with no coffee use was 0.57 (95% CI 0.35, 0.94; P for trend 0.001).After adjusting for other covariates, the differences remained significant (P for trend < 0.001). Similarly, there was a modest Conclusions: There was no correlation between reported tea consumption (hot or cold) and the incidence of AMD in the sample of US adult population examined. Without controlling for type of tea and standardizing flavonoid content, additional research is needed to continue to examine the effectiveness of tea. Similarly, the use of tea extracts in other preventative models should additionally be explored.

Extent

88 pages

Language

eng

Publisher

Northern Illinois University

Rights Statement

In Copyright

Rights Statement 2

NIU theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from Huskie Commons for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without the written permission of the authors.

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Text

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