Publication Date

1996

Document Type

Dissertation/Thesis

First Advisor

Plowman, Sharon A.

Degree Name

M.S. Ed. (Master of Education)

Legacy Department

Department of Physical Education

LCSH

Isometric exercise; Glucose tolerance tests

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of 10 weeks of heavy resistance exercise training, specifically designed to increase lean body mass (LBM), on glucose effectiveness at zero insulin (GEZI), the glucose disappearance rate (KG), insulin sensitivity (S,) and lean body mass. The experimental subjects (ES) (N=6; M age=24.5 ?3.3 years) and the control subjects (CS) (N=4; M age=27.0 ? 5.8 years) were prescreened to confirm the absence of uncontrolled metabolic, kidney, coronary or liver disease and tested pre (T,) and post (T2) on underwater weighing (UWW), strength tests and intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT). The ES participated in a total body weight training program of moderate resistance and repetitions which included 8-20 repetitions maximum (RM) or repetitions to failure for three sets of three to four different exercises for each body part. Quadriceps, hamstrings, calves, abdominals, chest and back were worked two days per week while shoulders, triceps and biceps were worked one day per week. The CS did not perform resistance training during this study. The assumption was that an increase in strength would be associated with an increase in LBM and LBM in turn would be accompanied by a concomitant increase in GEZf, Kg, and S,. ANCOVA results showed that the ES did have a significant increase in bench press strength (ES Adjusted T2 = 83.29, ES T2 = 95.25 ? 17.98 kg; CS Adjusted T2 = 69.33, CS T2 = 57.37 ? 22.23 kg, p=.004), front lat pulldown strength (ES Adjusted T2 = 65.50, ES T2 = 70.87 ? 12.13 kg; CS Adjusted T2 = 57.11, CS T2 = 51.75 ? 7.79 kg, p=.001), bicep curl strength (ES Adjusted T2 - 34.51, ES T2 - 39.75 + 7.17 kg; CS Adjusted T2 = 29.14, CS T2 = 23.90 ? 4.24 kg, p=.05), arm muscle area (AMA) (ES Adjusted T2 = 66.06, ES T2 = 68.43 ? 14.34 cm2; CS Adjusted T2 = 57.60, CS T2 = 55.23 ? 14.03 cm2, p=. 023), calf muscle area (CMA) (ES Adjusted T2 = 93.73, ES T2 = 92.56 ? 20.65 cm2; CS Adjusted T2 = 82.54, CS T2 = 83.72 ? 6.43 cm2, p=.028) and LBM (ES Adjusted T2 = 67.40, ES T2 = 68.83 ? 9.50 kg; CS Adjusted T2 = 63.89, CS T2 = 62.46 ? 6.45 kg, p=.041), verses the CS. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups for any of the glucose parameter changes (p>.05). The change scores for Sb KG and GEZI in the ES and CS were .15 and 2.22 (10-4 x min1 / [microunits x mL]), .6 and .75.(% x min'1) , and .01 and -.17 (min'1) respectively. Furthermore, Spearman and Adjusted Pearson correlation coefficients between the change in LBM and the change in GEZI (rs=.20; r=.02, respectively), the change in LBM with the change in S, (rs=.03; r=.06, respectively), and Spearman and Adjusted Pearson partial correlation coefficients between the change in LBM with the change in S, while controlling for fat mass (rs=.05; r=.06, respectively), showed no significant relationships (p>.05). The results of this study indicate that glucose tolerance did not change with an increase in LBM as expected in this group of subjects.

Comments

Includes bibliographical references.

Extent

115 pages

Language

eng

Publisher

Northern Illinois University

Rights Statement

In Copyright

Rights Statement 2

NIU theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from Huskie Commons for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without the written permission of the authors.

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