Publication Date

2016

Document Type

Dissertation/Thesis

First Advisor

Chomentowski, Peter J., III

Degree Name

M.S. Ed. (Master of Education)

Legacy Department

Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education

LCSH

Golfers--Physiological aspects; Energy metabolism

Abstract

Collegiate golf is a physically demanding sport, however, little research has been done to establish the amount of energy expenditure and metabolic demand that is placed on a golfer in a competitive tournament. With the advances in wearable technology, it has become more accessible to gain knowledge on physical activities taking place in the field. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of the Garmin VivoactiveHR(TM) activity tracker in the lab, in order to establish the amount of energy expenditure a collegiate golfer experiences during a competitive golf tournament. METHODS: Eight NCAA caliber golfers (4 males and 4 females) participated [Age: 19.3 +/- 2.0 years; WT: 149.5 +/- 13.4 pounds; Bag WT: 22.3 +/- 2.0 pounds; Bag Wt./Body Wt.: 15.0 +/- 1.8%; HT: 67.7 +/- 3.6 inches; % Body Fat: 20.0 +/- 7.3%]. One VO2max and two, randomly ordered 6-minute steady-state walk tests were performed. The VO2max test protocol used a 3.5 mph constant speed while grade increased 1% every minute. The two, 6-minute steady-state walk tests were done at a 0% grade (same as the golf course) with the speed increasing to the fastest pace possible by a subject without running. One 6-minute test was completed with a weight vest that matched each golfer's bag weight; and, the other 6-minute test was completed without the vest. RESULTS: Phase 1, males had a lower % BF (p=0.03), higher FFW (p=0.03), higher VO2max (p=0.02), max heart rate (p=0.04) max RER (p=0.03), and max VE (p=0.02) compared to the female golfers. During all 6-min walk tests (with and without bag combined), when looking at caloric expenditure, the activity tracking device overestimated calories expended when compared to the actual metabolic cart kcals used (+22.4%; p=0.01) across all 6-min tests completed by the golfers. For the 6-min walk without the bag, stepwise regression showed in order of importance heart rate, distance covered, and step count entered the final equation (r-squared = 0.966, p=0.0021). Phase 2, females had higher scores than males (females: 87.5 +/- 6.43 strokes; males: 76.75 +/- 4.65 strokes), walked a greater distance (females: 7.43 +/- 0.23 miles; males: 7.37 +/- 0.18 miles), took longer to complete the golf rounds (females: 282:42 +/- 37:16 minutes; males: 266:05 +/- 11:10 minutes), and had a greater average heart rate (females: 121.99 +/- 15.26 bpm; males: 111.00 +/- 4.31 bpm). The Garmin VivoactiveHR(TM) underestimated the female golfer's kcal expenditure by 6.22% compared to the gold standard metabolic predicted kcals. However, the male golfers experienced an overestimation of 5.3% by the Garmin VivoactiveHR(TM) compared to the metabolic predicted kcals. The stepwise regression conducted on the golf tournament data indicated that calories/hour (p=0.00) and time (p=0.00) were the two variables that affected Garmin VivoactiveHR(TM) kcal expenditure the most. CONCLUSION: The Garmin VivoactiveHR(TM) activity tracker was unable to accurately estimate caloric expenditure during both the in-lab testing and the golf tournament testing.

Comments

Advisors: Peter J. Chomentowski, Iii.||Committee members: Craig E. Broeder; Steven M. Howell; Amanda J. Salacinski.||Includes bibliographical references.||Includes illustrations.

Extent

v, 75 pages

Language

eng

Publisher

Northern Illinois University

Rights Statement

In Copyright

Rights Statement 2

NIU theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from Huskie Commons for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without the written permission of the authors.

Media Type

Text

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